Hospitals & Asylums

By Anthony J. Sanders

Hospitals & Asylums Documents require Microsoft Word to download .doc files.  Every chapter has a summary in htm.

Constitution of Hospitals & Asylums Non Governmental Economics (CHANGE)

To enact parliamentary democracy a non-governmental political organization named Hospitals & Asylums (HA) was drafted by Tony Sanders in 2000. In its ninth draft on President’s Day the Constitution reached 100 articles in length. The history of HA dates to the Naval Hospital Act of Feb. 26, 1811. The codification at Title 24 of the United States Code was the work of Hon. Edward C. Little who died on June 24, 1924. Our mission is to teach people of the right to write Hospitals & Asylums at the top of their prose documents. The rule of law is a foundational principle of our constitutional structure. The inherent dignity and equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. All people shall enjoy the International Bill of Rights, the economic laws of supply of demand, the law of diminishing returns, fair wages and budget and trade balances safeguard the free market. The future holds the largest government reform package in the history of the United States of America and the United Nations. Human rights and a ten-year community based corrections plan are incorporated into two civil rights amendments. The US Constitution is amended for a balanced budget and justice of the peace. The UN Charter is amended for an international tax administration and human rights council. Now accepting Donations.

CHAPTER 1 Military Democracy (MD)

To amend Chapter One Navy Hospitals, Naval Home, Army and other Naval Hospital, and Hospital Relief for Seamen and Others §1-40 and change the name of the Department of Defense (D0D) to the Military Department (MD). To pass Expressing the sense of the 110^th Congress that Iraq should vote to approve or disapprove the continued deployment of United States Armed Forces to Iraq H.CON.RES.110. The US employs an estimated 2.4 million US soldiers and 600,000 civilian employees. Sets a spending limit of $400 billion under a pay-as-you –go policy. In FY 2006 military spending was cut to $470 from $510 billion and the deficit was only $250 billion, down from $350 billion. Since its foundation the US military has suffered 1,128,075 casualties. Over 4,000 US troops have died fighting in Afghanistan and Iraq. There are reported to be 26.4 million veterans living in the USA. Under the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty the US, who has 10,000 warheads, must reduce their arsenal to no more than 1,700 to 2,200 nuclear warheads by 2012. Elimination of various Cold War weapons systems can save $50 billion from maintenance. Redeployment from Iraq can save another $50 billion. The foundation of AFRICOM will help to treat Africa, which has seen 186 coups d'etat and 26 major wars in the past 50 years, some 2.8 million refugees and fully half of the world's 24.6 million internally displaced people are victims of conflict and upheaval in Africa. It is resolved to give democratic peace theory, that democratic nations are more peaceful, a fair try, by eliminating all forms of psychological warfare from government, pushing for an international government that upholds the four Ds – Development, Disarmament, Diplomacy and Democracy…pp 44

CHAPTER 2 Attorney General Ethics (AGE)

To amend Chapter 2 Soldier’s and Airmen’s Home §41-70 and pass a Justice of the Peace Amendment to the US Constitution. Sixth draft. As the number of prisoners exceeds 2.2 million and we struggle to keep the international trade deficit less than $800 billion, it is a time to rededicate us to the ideals that inspired our founders. As a judicial philosophy Title 24 adheres to the term “Justice of the Peace” that could be realized with name changes in two Courts - Probate Court and the International Court of Justice. The Court of International Trade of the United States (COITUS) also needs to change their name to US Customs Court (USCC or CCUS). Federal judges need to be limited with five-year term limits, with a two-term limit to the Supreme Court. Our primary goal is to cut the US prison population in half. Congress must reinvest in halfway houses to get under the legal limit of 250 prisoners per 100,000 citizens. To regulate the transfer the Justice Assistance Grant must be transferred to probation, parole and community corrections. $1 trillion is a good estimate of the economic clout of the US legal system. $90 billion for police, $60 billion for corrections, and $42 billion for the judiciary. In 2001, the majority of the 93 million judicial cases filed, were processed by 15,555 state trial courts operating under the supervision of the county; 13,515 of limited jurisdiction and 2,040 of general jurisdiction, operated by 29,266 judges. Traffic court is the most frequently filed of all courts, 55.7 million traffic cases filed, roughly half of them were heard in traffic courts because the defendant wished to contest the case or had difficulty paying. 15.8 million cases were filed with the civil division, the highest settlement was a $28 billion tobacco product liability tort. 14.1 million criminal cases were filed. Domestic Relations and Family Courts processed 5.3 million cases. 2 million criminal cases were filed in Juvenile Courts in 2001. 276,408 cases were filed with the Appellate Courts…pp 122

CHAPTER 3 Health and Welfare (HaW)

To Amend Chapter 3 National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers §71-150 and to pass a Balanced Budget Amendment to the US Constitution. Fourth draft. The objective of this Chapter is to insure Americans an income of $1,000 a month pursuant to the fine in §154. 162 million workers, 54% of the 300 million population, had earnings covered by a 15.3% in social security taxation, 12.4% split between employer and employee for retirement and disability insurance with a $96,500 limit on taxable income and 2.9% for Medicare across all income levels. SSA administrated $546 billion in benefits to 49 million people, 34 million retired workers, 7 million survivors and 9 million disabled workers for $5.3 billion in administrative costs and collected $745 billion in revenues, a $193.7 billion profit. As of 31 December 2006 SSA had $2,048.1 billion in savings, $1,844.4 billion in OASI and $203.9 billion in DI. CMS serves 87 million people with health insurance. Medicare covered 43.2 million people 36.3 million aged 65 and older, and 7 million disabled. Medicare expenditures were $408 billion, 3.1% of the GDP in 2006, and revenues were $437 billion, a profit of $29 billion bringing Medicare assets to $339 billion. Medicaid served 52 million beneficiaries at an annual cost of $305 billion. There are 45 million uninsured Americans. Inflation in all health care costs must be limited to 3% annually. The new $65 and one half all further income exemption for SSI eligibility must be brought into use to resolve the disability backlog. The federal budget must be balanced while protecting SSA trust fund growth. Official development assistance must be increased until there is a 1% international social security tax on every pay-stub…pp 290

CHAPTER 4 State Mental Institution Library Education (SMILE)

To amend Chapter 4 St. Elizabeth’s Hospital §161-230 and change the name of the Substance Abuse Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA) to the Social Work Administration (SWA). The District of Columbia Mental Health System established in what is now Article IX was successful in reducing the inpatient population from 7,000 to 600. This precedence needs to be followed by state mental institutions, private psychiatric hospitals, general hospital psychiatric wards and correction programs around the nation. Globally mental illness and psychological disorders stemming from substance abuse are estimated to affect a combined total of 450 million people, 7.3% of the population. 55% of Americans suffered from mental illness at some time in their life and 1 in 5 Americans experience a diagnosable mental disorder in any given year. Mental illness is the second leading cause of disability, costing disability insurance an estimated $24 billion and medical insurance $65 billion annually. In 1997 30,535 people died from suicide in the U.S, it was the 11^th leading cause of death in 2000. During 1999 there were 1.7 million admissions to inpatient psychiatric treatment, 424,450 were involuntary commitments. The de-institutionalization movement has been successful in reducing the psychiatric inpatient population by half from 515,572 in 1970 to 198,195 in 1998 but has not completely implemented community psychiatry. Although there were a number of remarkable reports at the turn of the millennium and the UN established a Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse the continuum of care is not improving like other medical specialties. Key reforms are a Mental Health Review Tribunal operated by the Board of Mental Health and the finance of community mental health care. De-institutionalization must fully implement community care backed by limited general hospital psychiatric wards, closing all state mental institutions and private psychiatric hospitals for forensic use, abolishing civil commitments, electro convulsive therapy and drug enforcement. MIRROR form…pp 449

CHAPTER 5 International Development (ID)

To amend Chapter 5 Columbia Institution for the Deaf §231-250 and set down the General of the United Nations (GUN) and elect a Secretary of the United Nations (SUN) and Parliament of the United Nations (PUN). For their part the United States must divide the USAID Bureau for Asia and Near East (ANE) into the Bureaus for South East Asia (SEA) and Middle East and Central Asia (MECA) including North Africa and Indonesia, Title 22 Foreign Relations and Intercourse (a-FRaI-d) to Foreign Relations (FR-ee) and the Court of International Trade of the United States (COITUS) to Customs Court (CC). US Ambassadors to the UN must make accounting for ODA their top priority and should devote at least 50% of their time to the cause. In 2006 the US is credited with contributing $20 billion, 0.18% of the GNI. In 2007 the US promises to dramatically increase foreign assistance to $35 billion, 0.3% of the GNI. Private donors who need to register for private bills contribute another $33 billion annually making this figure closer to 0.6% of the GNI on track to achieving the goal of 0.7% by 2010. The bad news is that international aid dropped 5.1 per cent from $106.8 billion in 2005 - a record high - to $103.9 billion in 2006. The good news is some 400 million people have escaped poverty in the last 20 years and the $1 trillion decade goal remains possible if the US would account for private contributions. In 2007 world population is between 6.56 and 6.8 billion. The gross domestic product (GDP) is estimated at $63.5 trillion. The average per capita GDP is $9,600. The average life expectancy is estimated at 67.86 years. The average rate of incarceration per 100,000 was 162 a with a high of 737 in the USA. Global government budget revenues are estimated at $14 trillion and expenditures at $15 trillion. International trade is estimated at $12 trillion. Official development assistance (ODA) is forecast to levy $120.5 billion and disburse $112 billion - $125 billion is a good goal for contributions 2007. The World Development Report recommends a minimum of USD12.00 per capita in health insurance…pp 552

CHAPTER 6 Halfway House (HH)

To amend Chapter 6 Freedmen’s Hospital §261-270, fourth draft. A record 7 million people - or one in every 32 American adults - were behind bars, on probation or on parole by the end of 2005. Of those, 2.2 million were in prison or jail, an increase of 2.7% over the previous year. The US prison population quintupled between 1980 and 2004. In 1980 the US was a model judiciary with 503,586 prisoners (220 per 100,000). In 2004 the prison population was 2,085,620 (707 per 100,000). The US prison population is 24% of the 9 million global prisoners. The US has the most and densest concentration of prisoners in the world with an average of 724 prisoners per 100,000 citizens. For the US to achieve the legal limit of 250 per 100,000 the total number of local jail, state and federal prison beds must be limited to less than 740,000. 1 million is good goal. Nearly 650,000 people are released from prison to communities each year. There are over 3,200 jails throughout the United States, the vast majority of which are operated by county governments. Each year, these jails will release in excess of 10,000,000, 3.3% of the population, back into the community. Nearly two thirds of released State prisoners are expected to be rearrested for a felony or serious misdemeanor within three years after release. Racial disparities among prisoners persist in the 25-29 age group, 8.1% of black men - about one in 13 – were behind bars, compared with 2.6% of Hispanic men and 1.1% of white men. Under Section 6 of the Justice of the Peace Amendment to the US Constitution, States shall probate and parole criminal offenders to community correctional housing and equal employment opportunity programs to substantially and sustain ably reduce the prison population to meet international minimum standards of detention. A Human Rights amendment and a 10 Year Community Based Corrections Equality Plan amendment to Civil Rights statute will help achieve the legal limit…pp 704

CHAPTER 7 National Cemeteries (NC)

To Amend Chapter 7 National Cemeteries §271-296 and repeal Chapter 7a Private and Commercial Cemeteries §298, second draft. Federal regulation of the funeral industry is currently limited to the National Cemeteries under the supervision of the Secretary of Veteran’s Affairs and a prohibition of unfair and deceptive advertising on the part of the funeral industry that must provide a general price list to consumers. The vast majority of regulation of the funeral and cemetery industry is done by state license boards under state statute. The US and Canada are unique in that they embalm their dead. This Chapter bridges the division between National and Private and Commercial Cemeteries in the federal law so that Americans can proudly acclaim from the Arlington Memorial Amphitheatre, “Americans are buried under the law”. It can be estimated that 56,597,030 people died around the world in 2004 an average of 863 deaths per 100,000, 0.86% of the population. The preliminary number of deaths in the United States for 2004 was estimated at 2,398,343, representing a decrease of 49,945 from the 2003 total. The preliminary estimate of life expectancy at birth for the total population in 2004 reached a record high of 77.9 years. The leading cause of death was heart disease, followed by cancer, medical malpractice, stroke, respiratory disease, accident and diabetes. To process the 0.83% of the population that dies every year 0.05% of the population is employed in the death care industry. There were 23,015 death care service establishments with 164,823 employees, generating revenues of $12.6 billion, with a payroll of $3.5 billion, not including the manufacturers of caskets and funeral supplies. Per death receipts for funeral services are estimated to total $4,166 for a burial and $1,080 for a cremation on an average…pp 800

CHAPTER 8 Drug Administration (DA)

To amend Chapter 8 Gorgas Hospital §300-320 and transfer the DEA to the DHHS. It can be estimated that the global market for drugs is roughly $1 trillion with $600 billion in global pharmaceutical drug sales and $400 billion in illicit drug sales. Global per capita expenditure for both pharmaceutical and illicit drugs of $150. In the US pharmaceutical consumption is estimated at $160 and another $65 billion of illicit drug consumption. Per capita expenditure on drugs can be estimated at $750. An estimated 10 billion prescriptions are filled every year globally; 3.6 billion in the United States, nearly everyone consumes some sort of illicit, over the counter drugs, or prescription drugs. There are an estimated 180 million consumers of illicit drugs. Prohibition of narcotic drugs has oppressed the drug market for 75 years, drug arrests are down and it is time to free 500,000 US detainees to the substance abuse treatment community and permit the limited sale of cannabis by licensed cultivators and distributors. Patented drugs have led to a 25 year increase of life expectancy in developed countries and there is great hope that developing countries will also have access to life saving treatment without regard for their ability to pay. Greater than 5% of prescriptions result in adverse drug reactions of which 100,000 are fatal in the USA. To heighten phamacovigilance of drug administration the legitimate medical purpose must be pursued to protect consumers from the dangers of both regulated and unregulated drugs. To realize higher academic achievement in the regulation of drugs, the legitimate pursuit of medicine and science, the INCB and DEA must be adopted by their health agency respectively, the WHO and DHHS. A public health understanding of all the aspects of the drug trade, drug use, addiction, withdrawal and mental illness will make the people healthier, wealthier and wiser in their pursuit of happiness. MIRROR form…pp 839

CHAPTER 9 Public Health Department (PHD)

To amend Chapter 9 Hospitalization of Mentally Ill Nationals Returned From Foreign Countries §321- §329 and change the name of DHHS to the Public Health Department (PHD). Health statistics need to be provided on the Internet by all facilities and health districts. US health care costs are growing rapidly at around 7-10% annually and nearly 47 million Americans, more than 15 percent of the population, are uninsured, up 6.8 million since 2000. The current debate regarding the cost of health care and health insurance hinges upon the figure of 3% - to earn the 3% payroll tax rate Medicare must limit the inflation of public and private health care costs to 3%. The US has an average life expectancy of 77.85 years, 40^th amongst 222 nations, and 14^th amongst nations with populations over a million, 2,416,425 people died in the US in 2001, 8.48 per 1,000. Between 1993 and 2003 emergency department visits rose from 90,300,000 to 113,900,000 . It is confirmed that in 2004 there were an estimated 250,000 – 1 million deaths from medical malpractice. People with serious mental illness die at age 51, on average, compared with 76 for Americans overall, in the early '90s major mental disorders cut life spans by 10 to 15 years. Health spending per capita in the US is the highest in developed countries - 24% higher than in the next highest spending country in 2003, and over 90% higher than in many other countries that would be considered global economic competitors. There are an estimated 6.6 billion people in the world with an average life expectancy of 67.86 years. The world population showed a 1.15% average growth rate with a birth rate of 30.53 and 13.32 deaths per 1,000. The Americas, with 10% of the global burden of disease, have 37% of the world’s health workers spent more than 50% of the world’s health financing. Africa has 24% of the burden but only 3% of health workers, commanding less than 1% of world health expenditure…pp 925

CHAPTER 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home (AFRH)

To incorporate the contents of Chapter 1 Navy Hospitals, Army and Navy Hospital, and Hospital Relief for Seamen and Others §1-40 in Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home §400-435. Sections 400 and 435 are original. The Armed Forces Retirement Home (AFRH) houses an estimated 1,600 veterans at the U.S. Soldiers' and Airmen's Home (USSAH) in Washington, D.C and the U.S. Naval Home (USNH) in Gulfport, Mississippi, that has been closed due to damages caused by Hurricane Katrina. The Naval Home was established in the Naval Hospital Act of Feb. 26, 1811, by Paul Hamilton of South Carolina, secretary of the Navy under President James Madison. The charter was to provide a permanent asylum for decrepit and disabled naval officers, seamen, and Marines. The Naval Home was officially opened in 1834 and was known as the Naval Asylum until the name was changed to the Naval Home in 1880. The Soldiers' Home was established in 1851, as an asylum for old and disabled veterans. The armed forces retirement home is a treasured right of veterans who have laid down their arms under Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions. AFRH statute settled the largest war reparations in history - $20 billion of the $33 Madrid conference for the reconstruction of Iraq that needs to be repeated equally for Afghanistan whereas common Article 1 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights reaffirms the right of all peoples to self‑determination…pp 1057

Title 24 CFR Housing and Urban Development

Urban and community planning. At the end of 2006 there were $13.3 trillion in US mortgage loans. The number of home sales is expected to dip from 6.48 million in 2006 to 6.29 million in 2007, a drop of 2.7 percent, after of high of 7.2 million in 2005. The number of foreclosure filings rose from about 885,000 in 2005 to 1,259,118 in 2006, up 42 percent, one foreclosure filing for every 92 U.S. households. An estimate 15.6% of all sub-prime loans originated since 1998 either have ended or will end in foreclosure and the loss of homeownership. The median home price fell to $217,000, a drop of 0.3 percent from a year ago. To stimulate the economy the federal government will need to invest in residential real estate. It can be estimated that 3,000-5,000 emergency homeless shelters with 20 to 50 beds are needed to make up for the loss of 115,000 beds between 1996 and 2005. To make progress towards the goal of closing all state mental institutions and private psychiatric hospitals it is recommended to push for around 500-1,000 new community mental health shelters annually for 10 years to absorb the homeless inpatient population. There are 2.5 million admission to residential drug treatment annually it seems reasonable to try to double the number of drug treatment facilities at a rate of 1,000 facilities a year for 10 years. The majority of the burden is on community corrections to purchase no less than 25,000 houses a year towards a ten year goal of 2.5 million beds, and 24 hour staff to resident ratio of 3-8 per prisoner, 500,000 employees. Tenant landlord relations must be legislated to ensure that third party interference is reported to clients.

Book Proposal HA-24-8-07

The HA website receives around 1,000 visits a month. The monthly report is sent to about 100 subscribers and the quarterly is sent to around 10,000. I would estimate that 25 people have read the HA manuscript in its entirety and 100,000 people have ever heard of the HA non-governmental organization and maybe a million have read the statute under which 10,000 patients lead 50 million veterans and mentally ill Americans by example. The HA acronym goes much farther - the new draft insures all 6.6 billion people on the planet and 300 million Americans, in ten fields of study. I update statistics and report breakthroughs on an annual schedule. I am also available to answer questions by email and to publish submissions on the Internet. All that is needed is a seasoned publicist to spread the word and we could all live in a more peaceful and prosperous world. HA has the unique potential to be the bestselling political philosophy and law of the new millennium. The people have a right to know about HA. The people have a right to know who has been leading the nation while its leaders took a holiday in Afghanistan and Iraq. The people have a right to progressively realize the improvements to the federal and international government proposed by HA. The publishing industry and Congress have a responsibility to fulfill these rights. Whereas most publishers take between 4 and 8 months to review a book proposal I will accept offers until April 2008 and it is hoped the book will go into print that summer. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, Assembled, Referred to the Committee on House Administration and Senate Committee on Rules and Administration for purchase.

Hospitals & Asylums was discovered in 2000

Thank you for your patience, Tony Sanders, title24uscode@aol.com